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Sudan Conflict: Army and Civilians Seal Power-Sharing Deal



FILE – In this July 17, 2019 file photo, Gen. Mohammed Hamdan Dagalo signs a power sharing document with Sudan’s pro-democracy movement and the ruling military council in Khartoum, Sudan. Dagalo, a paramilitary commander from Darfur widely known as Hemedti, has emerged as Sudan’s main power broker in the months since the military overthrew President Omar al-Bashir. As the military and protest leaders work to hash out a final agreement on the country’s future, Hemedti’s rise, and the growing resistance to it, could plunge the country into further chaos. (AP Photo/Mahmoud Hjaj, File)

Khartum: Sudan’s ruling military council and civilian opposition alliance have signed a landmark power-sharing deal.

The agreement ushers in a new governing council, including both civilians and generals, to pave the way towards elections and civilian rule.

Mohamed Hamdan “Hemeti” Dagolo – widely regarded as Sudan’s most powerful man – has pledged to abide by its terms.

Gen. Mohammed Hamdan Dagalo, the deputy head of the military council, right, and Protest leader Ahmad Rabie hold up a signed agreement at a ceremony attended by African Union and Ethiopian mediators in the capital Khartoum, Sudan, Sunday, August 4, 2019. Sudan’s pro-democracy movement has signed a power-sharing agreement with the ruling military council aimed at paving the way for a transition to civilian rule following the overthrow of President Omar al-Bashir in April. Representatives of both sides signed a constitutional document on Sunday that would establish a joint military and civilian council to rule for a little over three years until elections can be held. (AP Photo)

Sudan has seen pro-democracy protests and repression since long-time ruler Omar al-Bashir was ousted in April.

The deal was signed by Hemeti and Lt-Gen Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan for the military council, and Ahmed al-Rabie for the Alliance for Freedom and Change umbrella group of pro-democracy protesters.

Under the deal, a sovereign council, consisting of six civilians and five generals, will run the country until elections.

The two sides have agreed to rotate the chairmanship of the council for just over three years. A prime minister nominated by civilians is due to be appointed next week.

What did Hemeti say?

“We will stick to every single letter we have agreed on,” Hemeti told the BBC’s Zeinab Badawi in an interview broadcast ahead of the ceremony.

“Even without the agreement we [would] have to work in this direction because it’s in the country’s interest,” he added. “Therefore we have to carry out the agreement, stick to it and support it.”

Hemeti is the commander of the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) – which grew out of the notorious Janjaweed militia that was accused of carrying out a genocide in the Darfur region of western Sudan.

The RSF have been blamed for recent abuses, including the 3 June massacre during which more than 120 people were reportedly killed, with many of the dead dumped in the River Nile.

RSF leaders have denied planning the killings, which they say were carried out by rogue elements.

Asked about the massacre in the BBC interview, Hemeti said there had been “systematic plotting and conspiracy” to tarnish the reputation of the RSF, whom he described as “protectors” and not killers.

How did the crisis unfold?

The unrest in Sudan can be traced back to December 2018, when then President Bashir’s government imposed emergency austerity measures.

Sudanese pro-democracy supporters celebrate a final power-sharing agreement with the ruling military council Saturday, Aug 17, 2019, in the capital, Khartoum. The deal paves the way for a transition to civilian-led government following the overthrow of President Omar al-Bashir in April. (AP Photo)

Cuts to bread and fuel subsidies sparked demonstrations in the east over living standards and the anger spread to the capital.

The protests broadened into demands for the removal of Mr Bashir – who had been in charge for 30 years.

In April, the president was overthrown by the military after sit-ins outside the defence ministry, but demonstrators then wanted to ensure authority was swiftly transferred to a civilian administration.

A council of generals led by Lt-Gen Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan assumed power but it has struggled to return normality to the country.

The army is not a unified force in Sudan. Paramilitary organisations and various Islamist militias hold some sway.